| Polygonum pensylvanicum | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Core eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Polygonaceae |
| Genus: | Polygonum |
| Species: | P. pensylvanicum |
| Binomial name | |
| Polygonum pensylvanicum L. |
|
Polygonum pensylvanicum is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family, Polygonaceae, that is native to eastern North America. Common names include Pinkweed, Pink Knotweed, Smartweed, and Pennsylvania Smartweed.[1]
Contents |
Pennsylvania Smartweed is an erect or sprawling annual, 1 to 5 feet tall. The leaves are lance-shaped and are connected at the node by a membranous sheath, or ocrea. The ocrea is not fringed. The plant flowers July to November. The flowers are rose-pink (or white) and are found in crowded, elongate clusters. Flower stalks often have minute glandular hairs near top, but this is highly variable. The seeds are small, and a shiny brown and encased in achenes. The achenes are elliptical to circular and are a glossy black.
Pennsylvania Smartweed grows in waste ground and crops. It can tolerate many different conditions, but prefers moist soils. It can be found throughout eastern and central North America.
American Indians used tea made from the whole plant for diarrhea and poulticed leaves for piles. Bitter leaf tea has been used to stop bleeding from mouth. The tops were used in a tea for epilepsy. Note that the fresh juice is acrid and may cause irritation.
The nectar is useful to insects, the many large seeds to songbirds and wildfowl and the leaves to several kinds of moths and butterflies.